Examining the Structural Characteristics and Antibacterial Efficiency of MgO pure Nanoparticles

This work examines the structural and antibacterial characteristics of sol-gel-synthesized pure magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles for medicinal applications. A bandgap of 4.95 eV was found in UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy of optical characteristics, including fluorescence absorption. XRD investigation validated the cubic crystal structure of MgO nanoparticles with a 13-nm crystallite size. Nanoparticles were biocompatible with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and showed no cytotoxicity. Agar diffusion was used to test antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli). A 13-mm zone of inhibition showed great antibacterial activity. MgO nanoparticles have antibacterial activity, making them a promising biomedical and antibacterial candidate. This study also reveals how nanoparticle size and surface area determine antibacterial activity, suggesting they might combat bacterial infections despite antimicrobial resistance